DIFFERENT HUMAN BEHAVIOURS
There are various disorders that affect children and adults like anxiety disorders, mood disorders and personality disorders. People having the disorders above show different behaviors. Personality disorders are kind of psychiatric conditions in which the patient’s behavior, emotions and thoughts are different from the expectation of the culture. The behaviors depicted by patients having personality disorders differ from one kind of disorder to another. There are different types of personality disorders. Examples include antisocial personality disorder, schizophrenia etc. People having antisocial personality disorder show different behaviors. For example, people having personality disorder are able to act witty and in a charming manner.
In addition, people having antisocial personality disorder are good at flattering other people and manipulating their feelings. Lastly people having antisocial personality disorder abuse drugs. Apart from personality disorders, anxiety disorders are also common. There are different types of anxiety disorders. Anxiety disorders are grouped into various categories. That is anxiety, phobic, panic disorders. Each disorder has different symptoms and treatment. People having anxiety disorders show different behaviors. People having generalized disorder have non persistent fear. In addition, they always become worried and concerned about various things in life. The disorder mostly affects adults (Hunter 2009).
The disorders are treated differently. Anxiety disorders have been treated using different types of medicines and therapies. For example, most people have used psychotherapy to treat anxiety disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy can be used to treat anxiety disorders. In this case, the patients are trained on how to change their behaviors and avoid the causes of anxiety disorder. In other cases, doctors use different drugs to treat anxiety drugs. For example, doctors use anti depressants to treat anxiety (Hunter 2009).
Also, doctors use psychotherapy to treat personality disorders. The doctors talk about the condition with the patient. The doctor or therapist is supposed to identify the causes of the personality disorder and advice the patient on how to avoid the causes. Using psychotherapy in treating personality disorder helps the patient learn more about his or her condition. Therapists can use behavioral cognitive technique to treat the patients. Also, they can use psychodynamic psychotherapy to treat the patient. This therapy is aimed at increasing awareness of the unconscious thoughts and behavior. It also helps the patient get motivated. Lastly, doctors can use psycho educational. In this case the doctors teach the patient about their condition. Doctors can also use anti depressants to treat personality disorders (Hunter 2009)
The motivation to work is affected by various factors. First, the motivation to work is affected psychological factors and environmental factors. A series of studies on motivation have proved that environmental factors influence motivation to work. The kind of environment available determines if the employees are motivated to work or not. For example, employees who are provided with conducive environment are motivated to work. This in turn improves their performance. On the other hand, some people find it hard to work because they are not provided with the right environment. Poor working environment affects the performance of the employees and other people. This is because they do not have any motivation to work. Thus, people should maintain the right environment so as to be able to work.
Apart from environmental factors, psychological factors determine how people work. There are different types of psychological factors. Examples include depression, boredom, stress, low self esteem etc. The psychological factors affect the performance of a person negatively and hence motivation to work. For example, most people who are depressed and have low self esteem find it hard to work. In addition, people who are bored find it difficulty to work. Eliminating the psychological factors above can make it easy for a person to work. People can eliminate the psychological factors listed above by using rewards and helping people overcome their problems. In case, of an organization employers can provided rewards to improve the self esteem of the employees and motivate them to work. Also, they should recognize employees so as to motivate them to work. Recognizing employees in the workplace helps boost their self esteem as they feel part and parcel of the organization. Also, providing counseling services to people who are depressed and anxious can help improve their motivation to work(Hunter 2009).
The immune system, cardiovascular system and the endocrine system is affected by different stressors. First, the immune system is affected by psychological stressors and physical stressors. Psychological stresors included boredom, depression and anxiety. The psychological factors like boredom and depression lead to stress and this in turn affects the immune system. The psychological stressors and physical stressors affect the functioning of the immune system. This makes it hard for the immune system to fight disease causing organisms. For instance, people having stress are more likely to have high blood pressure and ulcers. Apart from high blood pressure and ulcers, there are other diseases that are caused by stress. That is asthma, diabetes and viral infections. This happens when the immune is suppressed due to stress.
The suppression of the immune system hinders the system from fighting back disease causing organisms and hence leads to diseases. The functioning of the immune system can be improved by eliminating stressors. For example, people can improve the functioning of the immune system by avoiding depression. There are other stressors that affect the cardiovascular system. Psychological stressors like depression and stress affect the cardiovascular system negatively. Chronic stress leads to damage of the cardiovascular system. This is because it increases the risk of having coronary artery diseases. In addition, it increases the chances of having diabetes and obesity. Thad damage of the cardiovascular system can be avoided by avoiding stress and depression (Hunter 2009).
Physical stressors affect the functioning of the endocrine system. For example, aging, stress, diseases and the environment affect the functioning of the system. Diseases hinder the system from functioning well. Aging leads to increase in chronic diseases and hence this results to poor performance of the system. Preventing diseases, stress and environmental factors can make the system function well (Hunter 2009).
Kohlberg developed a theory to explain social behavior. The theorist claims that moral reasoning consists of six development stages. Each stage advances the stage before. Kohlberg claims that morality and logic develop via constructive stages. The theorist expanded on Piaget work by improving the stages of moral development. The author noted that moral development is concerned with justice. He also noted that moral development continues throughout ones life. Piaget noted that children acquire moral ideas in different stages. He also noted that children create different conception about the world. For instanced, children are able to differentiate what is good and bad based on their conception.Most children judge things according to the observations they have made in the world. In addition, Erickson developed various stages of development.
The theories developed by the three authors have contributed a lot in understanding social behaviors. This is because the theories determine how people acquire different behaviors. People acquire deferent behaviors as they undergo through the various stages of development. The behaviors acquired can be good or bad. The various stages of development help people differentiate what is bad and good and hence acquire the right behavior. It would be difficulty to understand the development of morals without the theories. Hence, the theorists have made it easy to understand social behaviors and how people acquire different behaviors. The theories developed by the three theorists are valid as the arguments presented are accurate and applicable in the real life. For instance, human beings have to undergo the different stages of development indentified by the theorist (Hunter 2009).
Reference
Hunter,W.S.General Psychology. BiblioLife, 2009
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