Discussion Question Responses

Leadership in an organization is the point of reference for lower level personnel, in terms of adoption of ethics. Leadership can promote ethics and motivate employees to embrace the organizational values by acting as role models and providing open and regular communication of the expectations for ethics and values. In addition, leadership can encourage accountability through development and implementation of a reward system. In essence, managers should lead by example. Organizational culture defines the expectations of employees in terms of the ethics. Organizations embrace a culture by use of avenues such as meetings, development of a code of conduct to guide behavior and practice, and other marketing tools such as posters and banners that inform the customers and employees concerning organizational values. Organizations should have a culture that embraces ethics consciousness and cultural diversity.

Prayers and activities such as breastfeeding are diversity issues, which organizations should respect. People working in an organization are not the same; there are special needs that vary with individuals. In this respect, persons may require adjustments in the form of time for prayers, breastfeeding, and other needs. However, other employees should not feel victimized by the work load resulting from breaks offered to people in those categories of needs. The breaks can be scheduled so that every person has equal time for breaks.

Understanding Business Research Terms and Concepts: Part 2

1. This type of research is exploratory because it analyzes the problem taking into account multiple aspects that help identify possible solutions and new ideas.

2. This is a descriptive study. The manufacturer will obtain records of information about consumers who buy organic foods. The manufacturer will then describe the people in terms of demographic determinants such as age, gender, geographical location, population, and other definitions.

3. This is a causative study. The company is considering the relationship between association with Paris Hilton and an increase in product sales.

4. This is a causative study. The airline company wants to find out the effect of dropping internet charge to $15 from $30.

5. It is an exploratory study. The researcher does not know anything about the object of research. It involves analysis of several related factors i.e. exploration.

6. It is a causal study. The manufacturer will determine whether there is a relationship between eating a meal and swallowing a pill. For instance, the manufacture may be interest in finding out whether, the two are substitutes.

7. It is a causal study. The Magazine is interested in finding out the difference in response to a cover with both a female and male model, and the one with only a female model.

8. This is a descriptive study. The manufacturer determines market potential of the new shampoo package from the perspectives of customers, retailers, and wholesalers.

9. It is a descriptive study. The researcher will define the population through observation of the sample characteristics and hypothesis testing.

10. It is an exploratory study. The investigation begins at a point where the investigator has no knowledge of the existence of a problem.

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