Formal Organizations
Formal organizations have become common in the society. Formal organizations differ from primary groups in different ways. They differ in terms of the environment and impersonality. There are three types of formal organizations. That is utilitarian organization, normative organizations and voluntary associations. People join utilitarian organizations to earn a living. Also, people join normative organizations to achieve their goals. Apart from normative organizations, people join coercive organizations. People are forced to enter into coercive organizations as a way of punishment. An organization can fall into the four categories listed above. This is because the organization serves different people. Formal organizations have been there for several decades. The organizations were formed by emperors who governed the society. The organizations had several disadvantages that made it difficulty for the organizations to evolve (Manuel, 2007).
First, the organizations lacked technology. This made it difficulty for the organizations to travel and communicate. Also, lack of technology made it difficulty for the organizations to gather information and store it. Second, the organizations ruled traditional societies. The societies had different traditions. The traditions made the society conservative and this hindered expansion. A bureaucratic organization has several features. First, a bureautic organization encourages specialization. The organization assigns the employees in the organization duties. Second, a bureautic organization has a hierarchy of offices. The employees in the organization are supervised by supervisors or leaders. In addition, the organization has rules and regulations and technical capabilities. A bureautic organization has puts rules before personal interests. This ensures the organization treats all employees equally (Manuel, 2007).
Formal organizations have evolved for the past few years. This is because of technological advances and the development of a modern society. The organizations have changed from a bureautic organizations to scientific organizations after adopting scientific management. Scientific management refers to the application of scientific principles to operations in an organization. The organizations have applied scientific management. For example, the organizations have identified the job carried out by each employee and the time needed. Also, the managers have analyzes the information collected to determine ways to help the workers develop the jobs better. For example, managers in formal organizations have provided workers with tools to work well (Manuel, 2007).
Scientific management has enabled organizations to motivate employees using incentives. This has in turn improved productivity in the organization and employee performance. Many organizations changed their management and integrated scientific management in their activities. The postindustrial economy has contributed a lot to the evolution of formal organizations. For example, formal organizations embraced technology and later developed to flexible organizations. Flexible organizations are different from bureatic organizations and other organizations. The organizations encourage creativity, skilled workers and communication. This has helped workers increase their output and productivity in the organization (Alfred, 2000).
The formal organizations in the current society are different from organizations in the traditional society. Organizations that were there a century ago did not encourage creativity and were not flexible. This is because the society was not flexible. The formal organizations in the modern society are flexible as they encourage creativity and the society accepts change quickly. Also, the formal organizations in the current society encourage skilled jobs. The formal organization in traditional society did not encourage skilled jobs. The society opposed change and made it hard for the organizations to employ skilled workers (Maconia, 2008).
The formal organizations in the country are likely to evolve further. This is because of the postindustrial economy. The organizations will become more creative and employ large numbers of skilled workers. Also, the organizations will encourage more routine jobs and increase productivity. Organizations in different industries have employed automated routines. More companies are likely to adopt the automated routines in future. Organizations facing competition have employed creative workers and cut costs by eliminating routine jobs in the organization. This implies that formal organizations will not encourage routine jobs so as to minimize operational costs. Moreover, the organizations might interfere with the privacy as they evolve (Alfred, 2000).
Micah’s organization might become more open and flexible. For example, the activities in the organization will change and become more distinct and specialized. The managers in the organization will assign the workers in the organization specific duties. The supervisors will identify the roles played by each employee in Micah’s organization and assess the performance of the employees. This will make it easy to improve employee performance using specialized tools. Further, the hierarchy in Micah’s organization will change. Managers in the organization will define the flow of authority and the offices. This will enable the managers to treat all the workers equally. For example, the hierarchy in the organization will consist of Company executive officer, senior managers and work teams. The norms in the organization will change. The organization will define new rules and regulations to govern activities in the organization. This will make the organization flexible (Maconia, 2008).
Apart from norms, the, membership in the organization will change. The current membership does not encourage technical competence. The membership criteria in the organization will encourage technical competence. Managers will divide duties according to the competence of the employees, but not relationships. This will improve creativity and production in the organization (Maconia, 2008).
The relationships in the organization are likely to change. The relationship in the organization is primary and this affects employee output in the organization. The relationships will become secondary and with few primary relations. This will help improve employee performance and productivity in the organization. Employees will be able to work hard to meet the deadlines set. Also, managers will delegate duties accordingly (Manuel, 2007).
Moreover, the communication in Micah’s 0rganization will change as the organization evolves. Currently, the organization encourages face to face communication. The communication will become formal in future and managers and employees will communicate in writing. This will ensure openness in the organization (Peter, 2008).
Lastly, the focus in the organization will change. The focus in the organization will become task oriented. The focus in the organization is person oriented and people work hard to meet their needs. The focus in the organization will encourage creativity and increase productivity. This will help employees acquire the right skills and work in any formal organizations. For example, Micah will acquire new skills and be able to work in a flexible organization. The changes will help transform Micah’s organization from bureautic to a flexible organization (Alfred, 2000).
Reference
Alfred, K. (2000).Organizational ,institutional and societal evolution: Medieval craft Guilds and genesis of formal organizations.Administrative Science Quarterly, Dec89, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p540-564
Manuel,L. (2007).Performance appraisal for groups: Models and methods for assessing group processes and outcome for development and evaluation. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, Vol 59(3), Sep, 2007. pp. 175-188.
Maconia, J.J. (2008).Society: The basics. Groups and organizations. Pearson education Inc,page 121
Peter, B. (2008). Leadership and small groups. Vol 62, page 40-43
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