Health Care Systems
Health Care Systems
Bismark
The Bismark model is universal healthcare model that makes use of a combination of non-profit healthcare funds to finance the healthcare needs of the population (PNHP, 2012). It is similar to the insurance systems. However, unlike the insurance system where the pools of funds are created for profit purpose, the sickness funds are not profit oriented. In this system, multiple players contribute into the funds including employees, private individuals and employers.
Beveridge
This model entails financing health care using the tax payers. In this model, the government fund most of the insurance schemes and run healthcare facilities (PNHP, 2012). This model guarantees all citizens of receiving healthcare services. The model works by empowering the government to collect funds through taxes. The government channels these funds into developing healthcare facilities, hiring healthcare personnel and providing healthcare supplies. This means that the government becomes the single financial of healthcare. Great Britain is an excellent example of countries that use the Beveridge model
Medicare
This a universal healthcare model that involves financing the healthcare needs using funds from tax payers. This model blends the Beveridge and Bismark models of healthcare (PNHP, 2012). The model creates and finance funds using the tax payers’ money. This means that the government becomes the sole financial of healthcare needs within this system. Canada is one the countries that use the Medicare model.
Out of Pocket
The out of pocket model is whereby healthcare services users finance the cost of accessing these services out of their pocket (PNHP, 2012). This means that the end user incurs the entire cost of accessing services. This model is popular among the developing nations, where the countries do not have enough resources to provide universal care. Elements of out of pocket models are also visible in the US healthcare system, which comprises of multiple models (Kaiser Commissions, 2012).
References
Kaiser Commissions (2010). Five Facts about the Uninsured. December 2, 2012. http://www.kff.org/uninsured/upload/7806-03.pdf
PNHP (2012). Health Care Systems. December 2, 2012. http://www.pnhp.org/single_payer_resources/health_care_systems_four_basic_model
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