Industrial Revolution
Industrial revolution is the period when there were major changes in the technology, mining, transport and agricultural sectors. These changes resulted to major consequences in the socioeconomic and cultural ways of the people. Industrial revolutions lead to a notable sustained growth of the average income of the population. The two most significant social consequence of the Industrial Revolution is the improvement of the lifestyle of most middle class people.
Due to the inventi0ns of machineries and factories such as the cotton spinning mill, these middle men found employment and their standard of living was thereby improved as compared to before the Revolution (Hopkins, 2000)The rise of factories led to increase employment which consequently, led to urbanization as more and more people migrated from their previous home setting into the areas where these factories were located. This led to the rise of modern cities. I consider these to be the main consequence of the Revolution because to-date the urban migration in search of better livelihood is still present.
The beginning of Industrial Revolution lead to capitalism which is an economic system where factories, mills and land were privately owned and the owners aimed at reaping profits. The advent of factories saw an increase in harsh working conditions and child labor. Children as young as four years would be forced to work in harsh conditions that saw their health deteriorate. Older workers also worked for long hours with meager wage. Industrialists replaced the merchants that were there and the surplus profits generated in these mills encouraged the introductions of machineries for agriculture.
(Hopkins, 2000)Communism was a reaction against Capitalism as people like Karl Marx came to realize that capitalism caused wide division of classes; there was the class of the owners, the class of the workers. Communism was began with the aim of introducing a classless society by having a common ownership of the means of production which meant that private ownership would end, easy access to consumer goods and an end to wage labor. (Hopkins, 2000)
The main difference between capitalism and communism is that Capitalism aims at benefiting an individual person or enterprise while in communism equal benefits and prosperity are aimed at the entire population. In capitalism therefore there was freedom of speech and decision making regarding an enterprises growth and development but in communism there was no free speech and decision making as it involved the whole population.
Reference:
Hopkins, E. (2000) Industrialization and Society. Routledge
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