Evolution And Human Nature
Evolution And Human Nature
Human nature can be defined as the unique elements that form a basic part in human life, which distinguishes it from other animal life. It can also be referred to the psychological attributes of a human being, which are assumed to be shared by all human kinds. Evolution explains human nature in the extent that we are now able to understand where people experience the same kind of hopes, fears, emotions, and the same distortion of cognition and perception (Coyne, J. 2009). Natural selection has the ability to explain the animal parts of human nature. The inclinations and emotions that people from every part share are legacy of natural selection. Natural selection has been able to incline people to present themselves as selfless and public spirited. In the service of this goal, people can convince themselves that they are really selfish and public spirited.
Natural selection explains the behavior, which indignation, and compassion are correlated and programs that govern these behaviors. It explains why this behaviors and the neural governance must have emotional correlates. It is true that evolution explains human nature in the fact that subjective experience is what gives life meaning. This can be explained by a planet that has robots that do not have interiors life, but they can speak and behave like people. This means that there is no need of caring about the planet. If the robots cannot feel pain then there is nothing wrong with smashing them. If they cannot feel any joy, then there is nothing good about life in the planet Darwinism tries to explain how natural selection gave the human life a rich texture of meaning (Bowler, P. 2009).
Hardwired
Human beings are said to be hardwired in the idea that it is easy to get a person out of the Stone Age, but it is hard to take the Stone Age out of the person. The human behavior of an individual before the old generation until the present time, is predisposed genetically, or it is influenced by the environmental factors like culture and personal experiences. The hereditary traits are sometimes what cause some people to behave in a different manner from one another. A person who has high temperamental is likely to react to situations furiously that somehow would put the person in danger or in an uncomfortable zone. According to (Nicholson, N. 1998), it is very hard for a person to remove such a trait from another person because it has already been incorporated into the genes of the person from conception. This indicates how hard wired is the behavior of a human being. Also, a person who has fast and high learning ability can be able to immediately respond to instructions and situations. Thus, attainment of goals is easy.
Today, in the work situations, during assemble and briefing, the instructions which are usually given are sometimes the same within the groups, but some people usually attempt to do otherwise. This is usually because the ability of an individual to catch up with the instruction can vary from others because of hereditary influence (Holston, K. et al 2011). In most cases, people who are from intelligent clans usually exhibit the same character from the past generation. It is also possible to encounter people in the work place that have hereditary illness, which greatly affect the performance of their job. It is also possible to encounter people in organizations who despite being given strong motivation like rewards and incentives to attaining high quality productivity and performance, are not able to behave as expected. This people tend to go to work late and are sometimes absent from work.
As the quote states that “you can take a person out of the Stone Age, but you cannot take the Stone Age out of the person” ( Nicholson, N. 1998). This quotes means that a person temporarily behave based on his or her present environment, situation, and condition, but the inner traits are there, and they are extremely difficult to remove or they cannot even be removed. The actions and the responses of a person are temporary. They depend on the present condition or situation that the person is in.
Managers are supposed to understand evolutionary psychology as it provides them with, a new provocative way of thinking about human nature. This also provides managers with an understanding of why people usually behave in a certain manner while they are in an organizational setting. When evolutional psychology is used to identify the aspects of human behavior that are universal and inborn, it helps in explaining some familial patterns. It makes it possible for one to understand the reason as to why people behave in a way that appear not to be beneficial to the organization or even to themselves (Genet, R. et al 2006). Managers should understand evolutionary psychology as it usually go as far as raising a question like how the organization can be designed so that to work in harmony with human biogenetic identity. A disposition that is useful to educators and managers is that people are programmed for friendliness (Nicholson, N. 1998).
Ancestors during the Stone Age period were able to survive through cooperating with each other. The ancestors were able to share shelter and food, and they were able to find safety while in a number, but this existed to a certain time. In most times, human beings are usually coming together in order to form a community. One of the complex thing that an individual can do is to interact with other people. In order for one to be able to interact with others, a lot of brain power is required. According to arguments by the evolutionary psychologist, the largest clan that the size of a human being brain can be able to handle is 150 members (Genet, R. et al 2006). This understanding is very useful in business when deciding how to organize the work units. It is extremely essential for managers in organizations and any other setting where there is interaction of people to understand the issue about evolutionary psychology. This is necessary so that managers can be able to design organizations structures that will accommodate every person in the environment and be able to relate effectively.
Evolutionary psychology is an approach that examines traits such as perception, memory, and language from a modern perspective. It views the ontogeny of a human mind as a process unfolding of genes with time. According to evolutionary psychologist, the traits and behaviors that universally occur in creatures are essential candidates for evolutionary adaptation. This includes the ability to infer the emotions of others, to identify and prefer healthier mates, and also to cooperate with others. This approach views the human nature as a product of a universal set of psychological evolved adaptations to the recurring problems in the environment of the ancestors.
The theory of natural selection human beings were not placed on earth. Rather human beings are species that evolved from a line of apes. The theory of natural selection is built in the area of genetics. All creatures in the world that are living are normally designed through the combination of specific genes (Cavalli-Sforza, L. 2000). Those genes, which produce faulty design features like weak hearts or soft bones, are usually eliminated from the population through 2 means. The first way is that the species, which has this element, does not usually survive the element long for it to reproduce and pass their genes. This is referred to as environmental selection. The second way is that the creatures become unattractive to other group members. This is because they sometimes appear to be less likely and weak to produce. Because of this, they are not able to mate thus, they do not reproduce. This is referred to sexual selection.
Those genes, which are able to survive sexual and environmental selection, are usually passed to succeeding generations and during the same time genetic mutation crops up (Cavalli-Sforza, L. 2000). Because of this, production of new variation occurs like having sharp teeth and improved hearing. Those characteristics that help a species to thrive and to propagate will be able to survive the natural selection process, and then it will be passed on to other generations. This article has been extremely helpful in providing an understanding of how natural selection occurs. There is a lot of essential information on how faulty genes are eliminated from the population.
Reference
Bowler, P. (2009). Darwin’s originality. Science, 323, 223 – 226.
Cavalli-Sforza, L. (2000). Genes, peoples, and languages. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Coyne, J. (2009). Why evolution is true. New York: Penguin.
Nicholson, N. (1998). How hardwired is human behavior? Harvard Business Review, 76 (4), 134 – 147.
Pierce, B, & Roderick, W. (1999). The evolution of social structure Academy of Management review, 24(4), 843 – 853.
Richerson, P, Collins, D, & Genet, R. (2006). Why managers need an evolutionary theory of organizations. Strategic Organization, 4(2), 201-211.
Shreve, J. (1994). Terms of estrangement. Discover, 15, 57 – 63.
Yang, C, Colarelli, M, Holston, K. (2011). Understanding human nature Journal of International Business Disciplines, 6(1).
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